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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Morskoj gidrofizičeskij žurnal</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">Physical Oceanography</journal-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
          <trans-title>Морской гидрофизический журнал</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn publication-format="print">0233-7584</issn>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">20230202</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29039/0233-7584-2023-2-157-176</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="edn">ALOUMA</article-id>
      
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
          <subject>Analysis of observations and methods of calculating Hydrophysical fields in the ocean</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
          <subject>Анализ результатов наблюдений и методы расчета гидрофизических полей океана</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="article-type">
          <subject>Research Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>

      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">Interannual Variability of Thermal Characteristics of the Upper 1000-meter Layer in the Extratropical Zone of the Northwestern Part of the Pacific Ocean at the Turn of the XX–XXI Centuries</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
          <trans-title>Межгодовая изменчивость термических характеристик верхнего 1000-метрового слоя внетропической зоны северо-западной части Тихого океана на рубеже XX–XXI веков</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>

      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-5081-7279</contrib-id>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Rostov</surname>
              <given-names>I. D.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Ростов</surname>
              <given-names>И. Д.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <address>
            <country country="RU">Russian Federation</country>
          </address>
          <bio xml:lang="ru"><p>заведующий лабораторией информатики и мониторинга океана, ФГБУН ТОИ им. В. И. Ильичева ДВО РАН (690041, Россия, г. Владивосток, ул. Балтийская, д. 43), кандидат географических наук</p></bio>
          <email>rostov@poi.dvo.ru</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-0094-5296</contrib-id>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Dmitrieva</surname>
              <given-names>E. V.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Дмитриева</surname>
              <given-names>Е. В.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <address>
            <country country="RU">Russian Federation</country>
          </address>
          <bio xml:lang="ru"><p>старший научный сотрудник, лаборатория информатики и мониторинга океана, ФГБУН ТОИ им. В. И. Ильичева ДВО РАН (690041, Россия, г. Владивосток, ул. Балтийская, д. 43), кандидат технических наук</p></bio>
          <email>e_dmitrieva@poi.dvo.ru</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">N-5821-2018</contrib-id>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Rudykh</surname>
              <given-names>N. I.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Рудых</surname>
              <given-names>Н. И.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <address>
            <country country="RU">Russian Federation</country>
          </address>
          <bio xml:lang="ru"><p>старший научный сотрудник, лаборатория информатики и мониторинга океана, ФГБУН ТОИ им. В. И. Ильичева ДВО РАН (690041, Россия, г. Владивосток, ул. Балтийская, д. 43), кандидат географических наук</p></bio>
          <email>rudykh@poi.dvo.ru</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>

      <aff-alternatives id="aff1">
        <aff xml:lang="en">
          <institution>V. I. Il’ichev Pacific Oceanological Institute, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences</institution>
          <addr-line>Vladivostok</addr-line>
          <country>Russia</country>
        </aff>
        <aff xml:lang="ru">
          <institution>Тихоокеанский океанологический институт им. В. И. Ильичева Дальневосточного отделения Российской академии наук</institution>
          <addr-line>Владивосток</addr-line>
          <country>Россия</country>
        </aff>
      </aff-alternatives>

      <pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-04-30" publication-format="electronic">
        <day>30</day>
        <month>04</month>
        <year>2023</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>39</volume>
      <issue>2</issue>
      <fpage>157</fpage>
      <lpage>176</lpage>

      <history>
        <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-06-13">
          <day>13</day>
          <month>06</month>
          <year>2022</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd" iso-8601-date="2022-12-06">
          <day>06</day>
          <month>12</month>
          <year>2022</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-01-16">
          <day>16</day>
          <month>01</month>
          <year>2023</year>
        </date>
      </history>

      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Rostov I.D., Dmitrieva E.V., Rudykh N.I.</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Ростов И.Д., Дмитриева Е.В., Рудых Н.И.</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2023</copyright-year>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rostov I.D., Dmitrieva E.V., Rudykh N.I.</copyright-holder>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ростов И.Д., Дмитриева Е.В., Рудых Н.И.</copyright-holder>
        <ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/>
        <license>
          <ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/</ali:license_ref>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:href="https://xn--c1agq7a.xn--p1ai/repository/issues/2023/02/02/" xlink:title="Страница статьи">https://xn--c1agq7a.xn--p1ai/repository/issues/2023/02/02/</self-uri>

      <abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p><bold>Purpose.</bold> The purpose of the study is to determine the trends and the spatio-temporal features of interannual changes in the sea surface temperature (SST) and in the upper 1000-meter layer in the extratropical zone of the northwestern Pacific Ocean, and to analyze their possible causal relationships with the large-scale and regional processes in the ocean and atmosphere over the certain phases of the modern period of global warming.</p>
        <p><bold>Methods and Results.</bold> To analyze the NOAA climatic data sets, the methods of cluster, correlation and regression analysis, and also the apparatus of empirical orthogonal functions were used. The results obtained made it possible to characterize the trends in interannual dynamics of thermal characteristics of the upper, intermediate and deep layers in the certain areas under various conditions of the 20-year phases of the 40-year period of modern climate changes, and to quantify their features and statistical significance.</p>
        <p><bold>Conclusions.</bold> In general, in the above region during the both phases of the modern period of climate changes, observed were the positive statistically significant trends in the annual average SST, the values of which in 1982–2000 were 1.3–1.5 times higher than those in 2000–2021. During the second period, the area of positive SST trends decreased significantly and was localized in the northwestern part of the area under study. In contrast to the SST, at the same period, positive trends of the water column temperature in the upper 1000-m layer were traced over most of the area under study. The correlations between the variations in the ocean upper layer heat content and the processes in the ocean and atmosphere are most extensively manifested through the climatic indices NPGO, PDO, WP, PTW, and the anomalies in the geopotential field ΔH500.</p>
      </abstract>

      <trans-abstract xml:lang="ru">
        <p><bold>Цель.</bold> Определить тенденции и пространственно-временные особенности межгодовых изменений температуры воды на поверхности (ТПО) и в верхнем 1000-метровом слое внетропической зоны северо-западной части Тихого океана и дать анализ их возможных причинно-следственных связей с крупномасштабными и региональными процессами в океане и атмосфере за отдельные фазы современного периода глобального потепления.</p>
        <p><bold>Методы и результаты.</bold> Для анализа данных климатических массивов NOAA использовались методы кластерного, корреляционного, регрессионного анализа и аппарата эмпирических ортогональных функций. Полученные результаты позволили охарактеризовать тенденции межгодовой динамики термических характеристик верхнего, промежуточного и глубинного слоев отдельных районов при различных условиях 20-летних фаз 40-летнего периода современных климатических изменений и дать количественную оценку их особенностей и статистической значимости.</p>
        <p><bold>Выводы.</bold> В целом по региону в обе фазы современного периода климатических изменений наблюдались положительные статистически значимые тренды среднегодовой ТПО, величина которых в 1982–2000 гг. была в 1,3–1,5 раза выше, чем в 2000–2021 гг. В течение второго периода площадь области с положительными трендами ТПО значительно сократилась и локализовалась в северо-западной части исследуемой акватории. В отличие от ТПО положительные тренды температуры воды в толще вод верхнего 1000-метрового слоя в этот период прослеживаются на большей части исследуемой акватории. Наиболее масштабно корреляционные связи вариаций теплосодержания верхнего слоя океана с процессами в океане и атмосфере проявляются через климатические индексы NPGO, PDO, WP, PTW и аномалии поля геопотенциала ΔH500.</p>
      </trans-abstract>

      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>northwestern part of the Pacific Ocean</kwd>
        <kwd>extratropical zone</kwd>
        <kwd>modern climate changes</kwd>
        <kwd>regional features</kwd>
        <kwd>water temperature</kwd>
        <kwd>warming trends</kwd>
        <kwd>climate indices</kwd>
        <kwd>correlations</kwd>
      </kwd-group>

      <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
        <kwd>северо-западная часть Тихого океана</kwd>
        <kwd>внетропическая зона</kwd>
        <kwd>современные климатические изменения</kwd>
        <kwd>региональные особенности</kwd>
        <kwd>температура воды</kwd>
        <kwd>тренды потепления</kwd>
        <kwd>климатические индексы</kwd>
        <kwd>корреляционные связи</kwd>
      </kwd-group>

      <funding-group>
        <funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was carried out within the framework of the Comprehensive Interdepartmental Program “Ecological Safety of Kamchatka: Study and Monitoring of Hazardous Natural Phenomena and Human Impacts” (NIOKTR 122012700198-9).</funding-statement>
        <funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках Комплексной межведомственной программы «Экологическая безопасность Камчатки: изучение и мониторинг опасных природных явлений и антропогенных воздействий» (НИОКТР 122012700198-9).</funding-statement>
      </funding-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>

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  </body>

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