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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Morskoj gidrofizičeskij žurnal</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">Physical Oceanography</journal-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
          <trans-title>Морской гидрофизический журнал</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn publication-format="print">0233-7584</issn>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">20230505</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="edn">BZLYEJ</article-id>
      
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
          <subject>Analysis of observations and methods of calculating Hydrophysical fields in the ocean</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
          <subject>Анализ результатов наблюдений и методы расчета гидрофизических полей океана</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="article-type">
          <subject>Research Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>

      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">Variability of the Marginal Ice Zone and Eddy Generation in Fram Strait and near Svalbard in Summer Based on Satellite Radar Observations</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
          <trans-title>Изменчивость прикромочной ледовой зоны и вихреобразования в проливе Фрама и у архипелага Шпицберген по данным спутниковых радиолокационных наблюдений в летний период</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>

      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7246-9885</contrib-id>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">AAY-6398-2020</contrib-id>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">7004614243</contrib-id>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1478-6492</contrib-id>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Petrenko</surname>
              <given-names>L. A.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Петренко</surname>
              <given-names>Л. А.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <address>
            <country country="RU">Russian Federation</country>
          </address>
          <bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник, лаборатория морских полярных исследований, отдел дистанционных методов исследований, ФГБУН ФИЦ МГИ (Россия, 299011, г. Севастополь, ул. Капитанская, д. 2)</p></bio>
          <email>larcpetr@gmail.com</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6378-8956</contrib-id>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">G-1103-2014</contrib-id>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">49963767500</contrib-id>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Kozlov</surname>
              <given-names>I. E.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Козлов</surname>
              <given-names>И. Е.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <address>
            <country country="RU">Russian Federation</country>
          </address>
          <bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ведущий научный сотрудник, заведующий лабораторией морских полярных исследований, ФГБУН ФИЦ МГИ (Россия, 299011, г. Севастополь, ул. Капитанская, д. 2), кандидат физико-математических наук</p></bio>
          <email>ik@mhi-ras.ru</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>

      <aff-alternatives id="aff1">
        <aff xml:lang="en">
          <institution>Marine Hydrophysical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution>
          <addr-line>Sevastopol</addr-line>
          <country>Russia</country>
        </aff>
        <aff xml:lang="ru">
          <institution>Морской гидрофизический институт РАН</institution>
          <addr-line>Севастополь</addr-line>
          <country>Россия</country>
        </aff>
      </aff-alternatives>

      <pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-10-31" publication-format="electronic">
        <day>31</day>
        <month>10</month>
        <year>2023</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>39</volume>
      <issue>5</issue>
      <fpage>631</fpage>
      <lpage>649</lpage>

      <history>
        <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-10-12">
          <day>12</day>
          <month>10</month>
          <year>2022</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd" iso-8601-date="2023-05-30">
          <day>30</day>
          <month>05</month>
          <year>2023</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-07-05">
          <day>05</day>
          <month>07</month>
          <year>2023</year>
        </date>
      </history>

      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Petrenko L.A., Kozlov I.E.</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Петренко Л.А., Козлов И.Е.</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2023</copyright-year>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Petrenko L.A., Kozlov I.E.</copyright-holder>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Петренко Л.А., Козлов И.Е.</copyright-holder>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:href="https://xn--c1agq7a.xn--p1ai/repository/issues/2023/05/05/" xlink:title="Страница статьи">https://xn--c1agq7a.xn--p1ai/repository/issues/2023/05/05/</self-uri>

      <abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p><bold>Purpose.</bold> The aim of the study is to investigate the spatial and temporal variability of drifting ice field edge and the features of eddy generation in the marginal ice zone (MIZ) in Fram Strait and near Svalbard during the warm period in 2007.</p>
        <p><bold>Methods and Results.</bold> Satellite radar images of Envisat ASAR for June – September, 2007 were used to fix the position of drifting ice field boundary and to reveal the surface manifestations of eddy formations in MIZ. It is established that during the upper mentioned period, the ice – water boundary experienced unequal displacements along its entire length, and that a total range of the ice edge movements was 30–220 km. At different wind conditions, the ice edge motion was accompanied by the formation of ice filaments and eddies, the maximum number of which was recorded in June. The data analysis allowed us to identify more than 2000 pronounced MIZ eddies in which the structures with a cyclonic type of rotation were evidently predominant (78%). The larger eddies (10–20 km in diameter) were observed over the deep-water areas of Fram Strait and over the Greenland Sea shelf, whereas the smaller ones (~5 km in diameter) – in the coastal areas of Svalbard. The cases when the fragments were detached from the ice field and subsequently involved in the vortex motion were recorded. The ice drift and orbital motion velocities in the eddies were assessed.</p>
        <p><bold>Conclusions.</bold> The ice edge displacements and the process of eddy generation in the MIZ are significantly affected by the wind conditions. When the wind direction changes abruptly, the ice field fragments can be detached. The identified MIZ eddies are mainly of cyclonic rotation direction.</p>
      </abstract>
      
      <trans-abstract xml:lang="ru">
        <p><bold>Цель.</bold> Исследовать пространственно-временную изменчивость кромки поля дрейфующих льдов и особенности вихреобразования в прикромочной ледовой зоне (ПЛЗ) в проливе Фрама и у арх. Шпицберген в теплый период 2007 г. – цель настоящей работы.</p>
        <p><bold>Методы и результаты.</bold> Использовались спутниковые радиолокационные изображения Envisat ASAR за июнь – сентябрь 2007 г., в которых фиксировалось положение границы поля дрейфующих льдов и выявлялись поверхностные проявления вихревых образований в ПЛЗ. Установлено, что в течение указанного периода граница лед – вода испытывала неодинаковые смещения на всем протяжении с общим размахом движений кромки льдов в диапазоне 30–220 км. Движение кромки льдов при различных ветровых ситуациях сопровождалось образованием ледовых филаментов и вихрей, максимальное количество которых зафиксировано в июне. Анализ данных позволил выявить более 2000 отчетливых вихрей в ПЛЗ с явным преобладанием структур с циклоническим типом вращения (78%). Более крупные вихри (диаметр 10–20 км) встречались над глубоководными участками прол. Фрама и шельфом Гренландского моря, более мелкие (~ 5 км) – в прибрежных районах арх. Шпицберген. Зафиксированы случаи отрыва фрагментов от ледового поля с последующим вовлечением их в вихревое движение. Приведены оценки скоростей дрейфа льда и орбитального движения в вихрях.</p>
        <p><bold>Выводы.</bold> На смещения кромки льдов и процесс вихреобразования в ПЛЗ оказывают существенное влияние ветровые условия. При резкой смене направления ветра может происходить отрыв фрагментов ледового поля. Выявленные в ПЛЗ вихревые образования имеют преимущественно циклоническое направление вращения.</p>
      </trans-abstract>

      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>marginal ice zone</kwd>
        <kwd>ice edge</kwd>
        <kwd>eddies</kwd>
        <kwd>Svalbard</kwd>
        <kwd>Fram Strait</kwd>
        <kwd>satellite radar images</kwd>
        <kwd>Arctic Ocean</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
        <kwd>прикромочная ледовая зона</kwd>
        <kwd>кромка льдов</kwd>
        <kwd>вихри</kwd>
        <kwd>архипелаг Шпицберген</kwd>
        <kwd>пролив Фрама</kwd>
        <kwd>спутниковые радиолокационные изображения</kwd>
        <kwd>Северный Ледовитый океан</kwd>
      </kwd-group>

      <funding-group>
        <funding-statement xml:lang="en">The present study was carried out with support of the RSF grant No. 21-17-00278 (analysis of spatial and temporal variability of the marginal ice zone, eddy fields and their relationship with the background wind conditions). Data collection and processing, and eddy identifications using satellite data were performed within the framework of state assignment No. FNNN-2021-0010.</funding-statement>
        <funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Настоящее исследование выполнено при поддержке гранта РНФ № 21-17-00278 (анализ пространственно-временной изменчивости прикромочной ледовой зоны, поля вихрей и их связи с фоновыми ветровыми условиями). Сбор, обработка данных и идентификация вихрей в спутниковых данных выполнены в рамках темы государственного задания FNNN-2021-0010.</funding-statement>
      </funding-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>

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