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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Morskoj gidrofizičeskij žurnal</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">Morskoj gidrofizičeskij žurnal</journal-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
          <trans-title>Морской гидрофизический журнал</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn publication-format="print">0233-7584</issn>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">20260103</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="edn">FPIQLO</article-id>
      
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
          <subject>Analysis of observations and methods of calculating Hydrophysical fields in the ocean</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
          <subject>Анализ результатов наблюдений и методы расчета гидрофизических полей океана</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="article-type">
          <subject>Research Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>

      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">Retrieval of Surface Current Velocities and their Shears Using the Shipborne X- and Ka-Band Radar Data</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
          <trans-title>Восстановление скоростей поверхностных течений и их сдвигов по данным судовых радиолокаторов X- и Ka-диапазонов</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>

      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7452-8703</contrib-id>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">23492523000</contrib-id>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7288-8023</contrib-id>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Korinenko</surname>
              <given-names>A. E.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Кориненко</surname>
              <given-names>А. Е.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <address>
            <country country="RU">Russian Federation</country>
          </address>
          <bio xml:lang="ru"><p>старший научный сотрудник, отдел дистанционных методов исследований, ФГБУН ФИЦ МГИ (Россия, 299011, г. Севастополь, ул. Капитанская, д. 2), кандидат физико-математических наук</p></bio>
          <email>korinenko.alex@yandex.ru</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5799-454X</contrib-id>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">F-8709-2014</contrib-id>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">23012976200</contrib-id>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9206-3020</contrib-id>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Malinovsky</surname>
              <given-names>V. V.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Малиновский</surname>
              <given-names>В. В.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <address>
            <country country="RU">Russian Federation</country>
          </address>
          <bio xml:lang="ru"><p>старший научный сотрудник, отдел дистанционных методов исследований, лаборатория прикладной физики моря, ФГБУН ФИЦ МГИ (Россия, 299011, г. Севастополь, ул. Капитанская, д. 2), кандидат физико-математических наук</p></bio>
          <email>vladimir.malinovsky@mhi-ras.ru</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>

      <aff-alternatives id="aff1">
        <aff xml:lang="en">
          <institution>Marine Hydrophysical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution>
          <addr-line>Sevastopol</addr-line>
          <country>Russia</country>
        </aff>
        <aff xml:lang="ru">
          <institution>Морской гидрофизический институт РАН</institution>
          <addr-line>Севастополь</addr-line>
          <country>Россия</country>
        </aff>
      </aff-alternatives>

      <pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-02-28" publication-format="electronic">
        <day>28</day>
        <month>02</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>42</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <fpage>37</fpage>
      <lpage>52</lpage>

      <history>
        <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-07-04">
          <day>04</day>
          <month>07</month>
          <year>2025</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd" iso-8601-date="2025-08-05">
          <day>05</day>
          <month>08</month>
          <year>2025</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-11-10">
          <day>10</day>
          <month>11</month>
          <year>2025</year>
        </date>
      </history>

      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Korinenko A.E., Malinovsky V.V.</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Кориненко А.Е., Малиновский В.В.</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Korinenko A.E., Malinovsky V.V.</copyright-holder>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кориненко А.Е., Малиновский В.В.</copyright-holder>
        <ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/>
        <license>
          <ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/</ali:license_ref>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:href="https://xn--c1agq7a.xn--p1ai/repository/issues/2026/01/03/" xlink:title="Страница статьи">https://xn--c1agq7a.xn--p1ai/repository/issues/2026/01/03/</self-uri>
      <abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p><bold>Purpose.</bold> The purpose of the study is to develop a method for retrieving the surface current velocity vector and determining its vertical shear from the sea surface radar images obtained at low grazing angles under a wide range of meteorological conditions.</p>
        <p><bold>Methods and Results.</bold> The presented results were obtained during the comprehensive field experiments conducted at the Black Sea hydrophysical subsatellite polygon of Marine Hydrophysical Institute. The experiments included application of coherent marine radar systems MRS-1011 (X band) and MRS-3000 (Ka band) which were deployed at the stationary oceanographic platform and operated in a circular scanning mode with horizontal transmit/receive polarization. Sea surface observations were carried out at the grazing incidence angles. Radar imaging was simultaneously accompanied by a set of field measurements at the platform which included recording of both the current velocity magnitude and direction at different depths and the sea surface elevations, as well as the measurements of meteorological parameters. The surface current velocity vector was retrieved using a cross-spectral analysis of the time series of radar images. This approach enables one to construct a dispersion curve whose deformation is used to estimate the surface current velocity. Aliasing correction in the second Nyquist zone expanded the spectral range of the analyzed wave field that is particularly important for the regions with weak currents and in assessing the vertical shear of current velocities.</p>
        <p><bold>Conclusions.</bold> The feasibility of applying the navigation radars to determine the current velocity vector in the coastal zone within a radius of several kilometers has been confirmed. The surface current velocity amplitudes calculated using the radar data generally agree with the values resulted from the current measurements by an acoustic Doppler current profiler. The vertical current shears in the upper ocean layer were assessed. It is shown that under weak and moderate winds, the dimensionless current shear remains constant, and at the growing wind speed, it decreases. The obtained results are in satisfactory agreement both with the field measurement data and the previously published studies.</p>
      </abstract>
      
      <trans-abstract xml:lang="ru">
        <p><bold>Цель.</bold> Развитие методики восстановления вектора скорости поверхностного течения и определение его вертикального сдвига по радиолокационным изображениям морской поверхности, полученным при малых углах скольжения в широком диапазоне метеорологических условий, – цель настоящего исследования.</p>
        <p><bold>Методы и результаты.</bold> Представленные результаты получены в ходе комплексных натурных исследований на Черноморском гидрофизическом подспутниковом полигоне Морского гидрофизического института. В экспериментах использовались когерентные радиолокационные станции MRS-1011 (Х-диапазон) и MRS-3000 (Ka-диапазон), которые размещались на стационарной океанографической платформе и работали в режиме кругового обзора на горизонтальной поляризации передачи/приема сигнала. Наблюдение морской поверхности осуществлялось при скользящих углах зондирования. Одновременно с радиолокационной съемкой проводился комплекс измерений на океанографической платформе, который включал регистрацию модуля скорости и направления течений на различных горизонтах, возвышений морской поверхности, измерение метеорологических параметров. Для восстановления вектора скорости поверхностного течения применялся метод кросс-спектрального анализа временных серий радиолокационных изображений. Этот подход позволяет построить дисперсионную кривую, а по ее деформации оценить скорость поверхностного течения. Коррекция алиасинга во второй зоне Найквиста расширила спектральный диапазон исследуемого волнения, что особенно важно для районов со слабыми течениями и при оценках вертикальных сдвигов скоростей течений.</p>
        <p><bold>Выводы.</bold> Подтверждена возможность использования навигационных радаров для определения вектора скорости течения в прибрежной зоне радиусом в несколько километров. Рассчитанные по радиолокационным данным амплитуды скоростей поверхностных течений в целом согласуются с величинами течений, измеренными акустическим доплеровским профилографом. Выполнены оценки вертикальных сдвигов течений в верхнем слое моря. Показано, что безразмерный сдвиг течения при умеренных и слабых ветрах является постоянной величиной, а с ростом скорости ветра уменьшается. Полученные результаты удовлетворительно согласуются с данными контактных измерений и опубликованными результатами других исследований.</p>
      </trans-abstract>

      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>remote sensing</kwd>
        <kwd>radar images</kwd>
        <kwd>sea surface</kwd>
        <kwd>dispersion relation</kwd>
        <kwd>surface current velocity</kwd>
        <kwd>vertical shear of current velocity</kwd>
        <kwd>field measurements</kwd>
        <kwd>aliasing</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
        <kwd>дистанционное зондирование</kwd>
        <kwd>радиолокационные изображения</kwd>
        <kwd>морская поверхность</kwd>
        <kwd>дисперсионное соотношение</kwd>
        <kwd>скорость поверхностных течений</kwd>
        <kwd>вертикальный сдвиг скорости течения</kwd>
        <kwd>натурные измерения</kwd>
        <kwd>алиасинг</kwd>
      </kwd-group>

      <funding-group>
        <funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation grant No. 24-27-20105 (https://rscf.ru/project/24-27-20105), and the Agreement with the Department of Education and Science of Sevastopol No. 85 dated June 19, 2024. The authors are grateful to V. N. Kudryavtsev who proposed the method for determining the vertical shear of current velocity using the radar data and developed the algorithm for its implementation.</funding-statement>
        <funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке гранта Российского научного фонда № 24-27-20105, https://rscf.ru/project/24-27-20105, и соглашения с Департаментом образования и науки г. Севастополя № 85 от 19.06.2024 г. Авторы благодарны В. Н. Кудрявцеву, которому принадлежит идея определения вертикального сдвига скорости течения по радиолокационным данным и алгоритм для ее реализации.</funding-statement>
      </funding-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>

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    <p>Текст статьи не включен.</p>
  </body>

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