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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Morskoj gidrofizičeskij žurnal</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">Morskoj gidrofizičeskij žurnal</journal-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
          <trans-title>Морской гидрофизический журнал</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn publication-format="print">0233-7584</issn>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">20260109</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="edn">VRHCCI</article-id>
      
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
          <subject>Satellite hydrophysics</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
          <subject>Спутниковая гидрофизика</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="article-type">
          <subject>Research Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>

      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">Assessment of the Error in Satellite Measurements of Atmosphere Optical Characteristics and Remote Sensing Reflectance of the Sea of Japan for Spring Period, 2023</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
          <trans-title>Оценка погрешности спутниковых измерений оптических характеристик атмосферы и спектрального коэффициента яркости вод Японского моря за весенний период 2023 года</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>

      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">G-2959-2017</contrib-id>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">56380591500</contrib-id>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2622-1010</contrib-id>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Kalinskaya</surname>
              <given-names>D. V.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Калинская</surname>
              <given-names>Д. В.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <address>
            <country country="RU">Russian Federation</country>
          </address>
          <bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник, ФГБУН ФИЦ МГИ (Россия, 299011, г. Севастополь, ул. Капитанская, д. 2)</p></bio>
          <email>kalinskaya@mhi-ras.ru</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">AAP-3248-2020</contrib-id>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">57203015832</contrib-id>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1683-7685</contrib-id>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Papkova</surname>
              <given-names>A. S.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Папкова</surname>
              <given-names>А. С.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <address>
            <country country="RU">Russian Federation</country>
          </address>
          <bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник, ФГБУН ФИЦ МГИ (Россия, 299011, г. Севастополь, ул. Капитанская, д. 2), кандидат физико-математических наук</p></bio>
          <email>hanna.papkova@gmail.com</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>

      <aff-alternatives id="aff1">
        <aff xml:lang="en">
          <institution>Marine Hydrophysical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution>
          <addr-line>Sevastopol</addr-line>
          <country>Russia</country>
        </aff>
        <aff xml:lang="ru">
          <institution>Морской гидрофизический институт РАН</institution>
          <addr-line>Севастополь</addr-line>
          <country>Россия</country>
        </aff>
      </aff-alternatives>

      <pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-02-28" publication-format="electronic">
        <day>28</day>
        <month>02</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>42</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <fpage>144</fpage>
      <lpage>161</lpage>

      <history>
        <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-07-18">
          <day>18</day>
          <month>07</month>
          <year>2025</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd" iso-8601-date="2025-09-16">
          <day>16</day>
          <month>09</month>
          <year>2025</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-11-10">
          <day>10</day>
          <month>11</month>
          <year>2025</year>
        </date>
      </history>

      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Kalinskaya D.V., Papkova A.S.</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Калинская Д.В., Папкова А.С.</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kalinskaya D.V., Papkova A.S.</copyright-holder>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Калинская Д.В., Папкова А.С.</copyright-holder>
        <ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/>
        <license>
          <ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/</ali:license_ref>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:href="https://xn--c1agq7a.xn--p1ai/repository/issues/2026/01/09/" xlink:title="Страница статьи">https://xn--c1agq7a.xn--p1ai/repository/issues/2026/01/09/</self-uri>
      <abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p><bold>Purpose.</bold> The purpose of the study is to assess the errors in satellite measurements of the atmosphere optical characteristics and the remote sensing reflectance of the Sea of Japan in the presence of dust aerosol in the atmosphere.</p>
        <p><bold>Methods and Results.</bold> To perform a comparative analysis and to assess the error in satellite measurements of the atmosphere optical characteristics and the remote sensing reflectance, the following information was used: photometric measurement data from the AERONET international aerosol monitoring network, the MODIS/Aqua spectroradiometer, and the VIIRS radiometer at the Suomi NPP satellite; the NOAA-20 and NOAA-21 data on the concentration of suspended particles PM2.5 and PM10 resulted from modeling the atmospheric dynamics (data of the HYSPLIT and SILAM models). A comparative analysis of satellite and in situ data made it possible to identify the dates of anomalous dust impact on the remotely determined optical characteristics of water. Besides, on one and the same day, different estimates were obtained for the area completely and partially covered with dust. Record of dust transport from the Asian deserts confirms different aerosol loading in the atmosphere over the Sea of Japan, as well as the spatial variability of aerosol main optical characteristics.</p>
        <p><bold>Conclusions.</bold> Comparative analysis of satellite and photometric in situ data has supported the fact that in the presence of dust transfer, the error of standard atmospheric correction increases sharply in the spectrum UV part. Calculation and approximation of the obtained values of power function show that for the entire region of the Sea of Japan, the value of atmospheric correction error is of the λ-7 form. As for the given dust episode, the analytically assessed error in the VIIRS/NOAA satellite measurements of the sea remote sensing reflectance constitutes approximately 70 % in the spectrum shortwave part, up to 47 % – in the spectrum visible part, and 24 % – in the long-wave spectrum part relative to the in situ-measured values of this characteristic.</p>
      </abstract>
      
      <trans-abstract xml:lang="ru">
        <p><bold>Цель.</bold> Оценка погрешности спутниковых измерений оптических характеристик атмосферы и спектрального коэффициента яркости вод Японского моря при наличии в атмосфере пылевого аэрозоля – цель настоящей работы.</p>
        <p><bold>Методы и результаты.</bold> Для сравнительного анализа и оценки погрешности спутниковых измерений оптических характеристик атмосферы и спектрального коэффициента яркости были использованы: фотометрические данные измерений со станций международной сети аэрозольного мониторинга AERONET, спектрорадиометра MODIS/Aqua, радиометра VIIRS со спутника Suomi NPP; данные NOAA-20 и NOAA-21 о концентрации взвешенных частиц PM2.5 и PM10, полученные по результатам моделирования динамики атмосферы (данные моделей HYSPLIT и SILAM). Сравнительный анализ спутниковых и натурных данных позволил выявить даты аномального пылевого воздействия на определяемые дистанционно оптические характеристики воды. Также за один и тот же день были получены различные оценки области, покрытой полностью и частично пылью. Это подтверждает различную аэрозольную загрузку в атмосфере над Японским морем и пространственную изменчивость основных оптических характеристик аэрозоля при регистрации пылевого переноса со стороны азиатских пустынь.</p>
        <p><bold>Выводы.</bold> В результате сравнительного анализа спутниковых и фотометрических натурных данных подтверждено, что погрешность стандартной атмосферной коррекции резко увеличивается в ультрафиолетовой области спектра при наличии пылевых переносов. Расчет и аппроксимация полученных значений степенной функции показали, что для всего региона Японского моря ошибка атмосферной коррекции имеет вид λ–7. Аналитическая оценка погрешности спутниковых измерений VIIRS/NOAA спектрального коэффициента яркости моря для данного пылевого эпизода в коротковолновой области спектра приблизительно равна 70 %, в видимой области спектра – до 47 %, в длинноволновой области – 24 % относительно натурных значений данной характеристики.</p>
      </trans-abstract>

      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>AERONET</kwd>
        <kwd>Sea of Japan</kwd>
        <kwd>dust aerosol</kwd>
        <kwd>optical characteristics</kwd>
        <kwd>remote sensing reflectance</kwd>
        <kwd>atmospheric correction of remote sensing reflectance</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
        <kwd>AERONET</kwd>
        <kwd>Японское море</kwd>
        <kwd>пылевой аэрозоль</kwd>
        <kwd>оптические характеристики</kwd>
        <kwd>спектральный коэффициент яркости моря</kwd>
        <kwd>атмосферная коррекция спектрального коэффициента яркости моря</kwd>
      </kwd-group>

      <funding-group>
        <funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was carried within the framework of theme of state assignment of FSBSI FRC MHI FNNN-2024-0012 “Analysis, diagnosis, and operational forecast of the state of hydrophysical and hydrochemical fields of marine water areas based on mathematical modeling using the data of remote and contact measurement methods”. The author is grateful to S. M. Sakerin and D. M. Kabanov for providing the SPM photometer and its software, as well as to Tom Kucsera, Brent Holben, Giuseppe Zibordi and the group of Gene Feldman (NASA) for providing the AOT data, and calculating the BTA data.</funding-statement>
        <funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках темы государственного задания ФГБУН ФИЦ МГИ FNNN-2024-0012 «Анализ, диагноз и оперативный прогноз состояния гидрофизических и гидрохимических полей морских акваторий на основе математического моделирования с использованием данных дистанционных и контактных методов измерений». Авторы выражают признательность С. М. Сакерину и Д. М. Кабанову за предоставление фотометра SPM и программного обеспечения к нему. Авторы благодарят Тома Кушера (Tom Kucsera), Брента Холбена (Brent Holben), Джузеппе Зиборди (Giuseppe Zibordi) и группу Жене Фельдмана (Gene Feldman) из NASA за предоставление данных АОТ и расчеты данных ВТА.</funding-statement>
      </funding-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>

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